The Czech Republic experienced during the time of its transformation many changes; the change from a central-planned economy to an open free market trade economy was most dynamically reflected in the foreign trade of the country. This article analyses the changes in the territorial structure and the goods composition of the foreign trade of the Czech Republic at the beginning and in the end of the transformation. Although the Czech Republic is nowadays preparing for its EU-entry in the sphere of the foreign trade it entered the structures of the EU and the member states became in such a short period of time like the last decade of the twentieth century main partners of the Czech Republic in the sphere of the foreign trade.