With respect to the prepared accession of the Czech Republic into the EU it is necessary to identify oneself with trends and rules of the EU in the field of rural development. The new demarcation of regions (of rural districts in the Czech republic) in harmony with the common methodology of OECD and Eurostat demarcating rural municipalities and regions according to the density of population per 1 km2 means changes in the spatial collocation of rural population in the Czech Republic. The increase of the proportion of rural population is achieved especially in mountainous and sub mountainous areas with low density of population. On the contrary, the decrease is achieved in Central Bohemia and Southeastern Moravia where there is the high concentration of population in municipalities in the background of industrial towns and regional towns. The contribution values the demographic situation in rural district of the Czech Republic for this is one of essential factors influencing the rural advancement. The rural development of the Czech Republic must be in harmony with structural policy of the EU which is one of basic stones in the reform of the Agenda 2000.